Robotics : state of the art technologies and hobby

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Another handy dandy dude making the greatest robotics : Aaed Musa.


 
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When you need to debug your microcontroller projects to control robots or other digital circuits like for example an fpga based pcb , a logic analyzer is a necessity.
Saleae logic has very nice logic analyzers. The software as a standard supports analyzer that are in fact automatic protocol interpreters, like for example SPI, I2C, UART, CAN, DMX-512, i2S, PCM, 1-wire USB LS and USB FS... And many more.

As another example :
You can also use the analyzer with timing measurements to debug ultrasonic measurement devices or as first step to test out new sensors like for example the very common and known HC-SR04 with trigger and eco pin.
Another example is to measure servo pulsewidths for calibration purposes, like creating a lookup table , either by hand or self made calibration software to be used in the final software project.
Remember, no servo of the cheaper kind responds exactly the same to a given servo pulse with a fixed pulse width.
Make measurements, write them down in an openoffice (or libreoffice) calcsheet or Microsoft excel sheet and make a table to draw a graph to determine the linearity and as end result fine tune calculation algorithms.
See if it is possible and useful when taking measurements or ADC samples to do a lot of averaging, think Gaussian distribution, normal distribution.

Everybody wants a straight line, a straight connection and easy to understand connection between input value and output value.
Unfortunately, reality has weird stuff like Euler's number (After Leonard Euler, 1707 -1783) and other weird logarithms that make mathematicians cry and curse their profession : "Why God, Why must thou punish me ? Am i a not a good God loving person ? ".


 
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Tiny robot, with a many stator motor.
It kind of reminds of the molecular motor once long ago fully described by several Japanese researchers , where i forgot the names and the websites are dead or unreachable. I added some other websites :




For more background information about molecular rotary engines :



 
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This can perhaps be very handy at very low rpm but with a lot of torque. At low revolutions, the vibration is also of course less.

Retsetman : Nutating gears

 

XcPNehVYlE4A3C

Junior Member
Jan 22, 2025
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Great thread! I'm new here, enjoying reading through it.

I've done some simple Arduino programming with motors and servos but i'd really like to try out a DIY fpv kit to play around with, if a cheap one exists out there.
 
Reactions: William Gaatjes
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Great thread! I'm new here, enjoying reading through it.

I've done some simple Arduino programming with motors and servos but i'd really like to try out a DIY fpv kit to play around with, if a cheap one exists out there.
If you want to go for the basics first and use your arduino derivate.
A good learning method is to use only one motor and an accelerometer chip. Mount both on the end of a thin light wooden rail.
The other end of the thin wooded rail is mounted with a pivoting hinge to the desk. This way, the movement is limited to only vertical in a circular motion.

Be sure to add some cage around the rotor from the brushless dc motor !
For protection when the cat or kids walk into the room. That the rotor from the brushless dc motor cannnot be touched easily.

Then you experiment with keeping the wooden rail horizontal by using PID algorithms, by regulating the rotation speed of the brushless dc motor based on the accelerometer input. Yaw, roll and pitch it is called : Constantly balancing the wooden rail.

When you have accomplished this, the fun part is to add some weight to the wooden rail and let the software keep the wooden rail balanced.
You will hear that the motorcurrent is being adjusted on the fly by the PID algorithms because you can hear the rotationspeed change.

If you have mastered this, the next step is to start working with the drone with 4 motors.
In the same way. Connected to a pivoting hinge for the first tests.

I did not do this myself but a lot of self thaught drone programmers started this way.
 
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XcPNehVYlE4A3C

Junior Member
Jan 22, 2025
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Awesome - thanks for the write-up!

I'm going to dig around to see what i have, I have some motors but not sure if they are light-weight enough. This sounds doable though, I've programmed PID type stuff for physics sims before.
 
Reactions: William Gaatjes
May 11, 2008
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Awesome - thanks for the write-up!

I'm going to dig around to see what i have, I have some motors but not sure if they are light-weight enough. This sounds doable though, I've programmed PID type stuff for physics sims before.
Good luck !
I am interested to see the result. Some images or a youtube video ?
 
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All kinds of software can be found in this thread , so i add this option for CAD (Computer Aided Design) as well.
Drawing your 3D models online and adding circuits : Autodesk TinkerCAD.


 
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Jeremy Fielding : Robotics :


 
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Howto : use a ringbuffer with a uart.
Even a robotics fanatic wants to have lots of debug information available, especially in the alpha stage of development.
This is often done by writing debug messages by making use of the uart.
USB to uart cables are cheap and available everywhere.
Or uart to usb chips are integrated on the development boards.
Terminal programs like for example Tera Term or the embedded terminal program in the arduino IDE are great to display the debug messages.

But how to get those debug messages send or how to receive commands to control the robot ?
When programming, ringbuffers often will be needed. This full explanation with examples is in the programming language C.

 
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