I know I'm late, but this is simple Calculus 1 that you're going to need later, so I'll explain it now anyway. Don't pay me.
No expensive calculator is necessary, but if you're really interested, download VTI and a ROM from TI to get the TI-89. (This is illegal if you don't actually own the calculator, but I do, but I like having the convenience of always having the calculator at my computer.)
Make a function like (x-1)(x-4)(x+3) or something like that, and you can just multiply it out to make a whole function.
y = (x-1)(x-4)(x+3) = x^3 - 2x^2 - 11x + 12
That way, you'll know your zeros (1,4,-3) right away, and then it's a matter of a first derivative to find the minimums and maximums and whether it's increasing or decreasing.
y' = 3x^2 - 4x - 11
Remember your quadric formula? x = (-b +- sqrt(b^2 - 4ac))/2a
That means your first derivative roots are
x = (2 +- sqrt(37))/3
x ~= {2.694, -1.361}
Then your first derivative zeros are 2.694 and -1.361, which are your maxima and/or minima.
Verifying...
y(x) = (x-1)(x-4)(x+3)
y(-2) = 18
y(-1.361) ~= 20.745 <-- relative maximum
y(-1) = 20
y(0) = 12
y(1) = 0
y(2) = -10
y(2.694) ~= -12.597 <-- relative minimum
y(3) = -12
Therefore, your graph is increasing between -inf and -1.361, decreasing until 2.694, and then increasing until inf.
The ride moves to the right from (-1.361,20.745) to (2.694,-12.597), which is where it achieves its maximum velocity. At this point, the kinetic energy (getting into physics I) is equal to the gravitational potential energy it had at the top, ignoring friction.
m=mass
v=velocity ~= speed
g=gravity=9.8 m/s^2
h=height
(1/2) m * v^2 = m * g * h
simplifying...
(1/2) v^2 = g * h
v = sqrt(2 * g * h)
It moves along the y axis from 20.745 to -12.597, so the difference between these two, 33.343, gives you your height. (Let's say it's in meters.) Using Google Calculator...
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&safe=off&q=sqrt%282+*+g+*+33.3426+m%29&btnG=Search
= 25.573 m/s
You can go back up to the same height.
y(initial) = 20.745
y(final) = -12.597
y(back up) = 20.745 which occurs at x=4.722, which would make a good stopping point
in your ride. (This way, you won't need brakes to stop the ride.)
If I were doing this for my own project, I'd make up some sort of crazy ride including natural logs and trig functions just to make the ride rather unpredictable. The method is the same, but it involves more complex differentiation. I tended to be a smartass in open-ended projects like this, so I might have even taken the time to make a 3D roller coaster complete with vector acceleration analysis.