According to OSHA standards roofers should be wearing the appropriate safety equipment and have positive tie off to prevent falls. I would say chances are quite high that those who have lost their life or were injured due to a fall while roofing were not following OSHA safety rules.
Same can be said with traffic accidents, the number 1 cause of death for police officers.
And as I pointed out above, most of the time its the man next to you that gets you injured or the asshole flagging the crane and not paying attention or even the asshole on the crane lighting a smoke instead of watching the flagger or some asshole not properly securing a load or bad decking that you can't see giving way.
A rather old roofing company
owner who had been roofing all of his life died about 10 years ago walking on a corrugated metal roof. The roof had been coated, which isn't uncommon for corrugated metal roofs, but they didn't put metal panels over the fiberglass skylights like they were supposed to. The guy was measuring the roof to give an estimate to replace it, stepped on one of the painted over skylights that was virtually impossible to see, fell through it and landed on his head in the warehouse below. He lived for a month as a vegetable before finally dying. Every single project manager and estimator in the state knows that story because that guy was an old school pro and while he isn't faultless, in hindsight I can think of a way to avoid it, it is that easy to do almost everything right and die.
For the record the roof had a 1/12 pitch and per OSHA guidelines he was not required to have any sort of fall protection beyond 4' of the roofs edge. At the time, as long as he was estimating, which he was, he wasn't required to have any fall protection on regardless of the roofs slope because by the time you get to the high point of the roof and install an anchor (read: put holes in a roof that you don't have a contract on, something you typically want to avoid) you are already pretty much done with your job.
Another story from my state, I actually bid on this job, first day of a tile reroof the first guy on the roof is walking to the ridge to install anchor points. As he is walking up the roof a tile breaks, he falls and slides clean off the roof. There is absolutely nothing that could have been done in that situation. If he would have tied off at the edge of the roof he would have had enough slack in his rope to probably hit the ground and if not cause very severe injury from the length of fall and shock. Yes we have shock absorbs but if your fall isn't arrested in 6' you risk severe injury even with the shock absorb which is 1' when worn and 3' when extended (giving you 4' of actual "rope" to free fall before risk of severe injury per OSHA). Do you have any idea how friggin hard it is to ensure that at any given time a person is tied off in a way as to only allow them 3' (company policy) of possible free fall while actually getting a job done AND not putting other men at greater risk of other injuries . Self retracts are great but present huge tripping hazards to other men, rope grabs are what we used the most but if your work requires you to move across the roof you essentially have to work one handed with the other hand constantly on the rope grab (take a stab at how often they do that) or you get a ton of slack in your rope.
Also falls aren't the only dangers. Take a drive around town and look at how many flat roofs there are. When you are beyond the 4' perimeter of the roof no fall protection is required because you are on a flat surface. A ton of those flat roofs have wood decks and
no one even remembers they have a roof until it starts leaking. Water + wood + a 250lb guy with tools and heavy roofing materials and you should get the idea. Another great thing about flat roofs is they are usually applied with 400+ degree roofing tar. I personally had an "encounter" with that when I was 16 because someone pushed the mop buggy (2 wheel wheelbarrow filled with melted tar) behind me as I was hauling material and I fell into it backwards, I didn't die but the experience was pure hell.
With all of the above, you still don't see roofers putting the general public at greater risk so that they can increase their safety. They know and accept the risks every day they go to work yet for cops they are allowed to put ME in greater risk to protect themselves from something that may or may not be a threat to them.