Guys, let's take a step back and think about the original question. What is it exactly that you want to achieve?
Do you intend to capture the entire frequency spectrum from 0Hz to infinity? If that is what you want, you cannot do that with sampling since the samples will never be close enough together. If you have an infinite number of samples, you will be back to the original analog signal! An analog signal is a sampled signal with infinite number of samples.
On the other hand, if you want to capture an audio signal, you need to know that we can only hear a small band of frequencies from about 20Hz to about 25kHz.
http://www.sfu.ca/sca/Manuals/ZAAPf/r/range.html
If you capture a signal in an environment and only store the audio band and then listen to the original analog signal and compare it to the (reconstructed) captured signal, you will not be able to tell the difference even though the captured signal only has a portion of the frequencies that might have been in the original environment. But, our ears could not sense those frequencies in the original signal anyway.
The same goes for video. We can only see a limited band of frequencies. The same is true about radio frequencies. Each radio channel contains a limited band of frequencies.
To sample a band-limited signal and capture the entire information in it, you need to sample at a frequency higher than twice the highest frequency in it. This is not just a theory!
After sampling is done, the samples are often converted to digital format for ease of storage and transmission and immunity to noise. That (conversion to digital) is when the quantization error becomes an issue, which has already been covered in this thread.
Please don't forget to include in your post if you are talking about sampling a band-limited signal (audio, video, radio ....) or the entire frequency spectrum.
All of my posts in this thread were based on the assumption that we were talking about a band-limited signal.
Edit:
There have been several posts that talked about noise in one way or another. Any (active) circuit component like a transistor adds noise. So, the output of the circuit will never be identical to its input. If you look at the
specs for an Audigy sound card for example, you will see a "Signal-to-Noise" ratio spec. That tells you how much noise the card adds to the signal. This is not limited to digital. Analog circuits add noise too. As soon as you use a circuit to amplify a signal, you add noise to it. You can build circuits that add less noise than other circuits. The same way that you can build a car that provides more protection to its riders in case of an accident. It costs money and the manufacturers do it and charge you for it.
My point is that the noise that is specific to digital is quantization noise, which I tried to explain in a previous post. But, I did not talk about noise in general since that is not specific to digital and sampling, which I thought was the point of this discussion. But, you are right, it is impossible to reproduce a signal exactly as the original signal (due to noise or distortion) whether the signal is sampled or not.