EETimes: Microsoft calls for 16-core server SoCs

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Ajay

Lifer
Jan 8, 2001
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Their situation is sort of similiar to Intel's in that when they try and step outside of their core area of expertise they find themselves on the low-end of the learning curve while competing with companies that have years more experience in the business segment.

TI is no slouch in ARM, but TI is surrounded by very adept competitors in the field.

Nvidia showing up is kinda like Cyrix or IDT or Transmeta showing up to the x86 party some 15 yrs after it got started. They hit with a splash, lots of hype, and dissipated nearly as quickly.

Will Nvidia be different? If they are then it will be outside the norm.

nVidia is very good at marketing - both to the public and to developers. So long as their designs are competitive, they have the tools to be a top tier SOC supplier (maybe even the best). Of course, there are always plenty of ways to fail.
 

cbn

Lifer
Mar 27, 2009
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I was thinking all this mobile OS morphing into Tablet/Desktop OS competition might force MS to lower prices on Windows 7 Home Premium.

If that happened, MS might try to vertically integrate to compensate for reduced software volume and/or profits. As far as Xbox goes I think you are probably right on that being the area of vertical integration (with ARM). Windows 7 Phone and Big Windows (whether we see Cloud versions or not) have too many partners to make vertical integration worthwhile.

Let me just add a caveat.

If MS saw a chance to gain a foothold in the world mobile market by subsidizing hardware wouldn't it make sense to build ARM chips the main players (Qualcomm, Samsung, TI, Nvidia) aren't interested in?

A good example might be the Cortex A5 (sparrow) released in 2009. According to this article and others it has great potential.





Maybe they will use their ARM architectural license for that purpose? (particularly if ARM releases lower end CPUs like the upcoming "Kingfisher" on a smaller than expected nodes).
 

Mopetar

Diamond Member
Jan 31, 2011
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Why would anyone be interested in the Cortex-A5 at this point? The ARM9 it refers to isn't the same as the Cortex-A9. The Cortex-A9 has better performance and is designed to allow up to four cores on one SoC. The ARM9 is an old design that was used in the Nintendo DS. I'm not actually sure if the Cortex-A5 actually shipped in many devices.

As far as I know the Cortex-A15 is only designed to support up to 8 cache-coherent cores and only up to 4 MB of L2 cache. If ARM is going to design a core for server chips they haven't tipped their hand to it yet. Quite frankly the devices that are the target market for these chips don't have terribly much use for multiple cores. Several reviews for Tegra 2 Android phones pointed out that they didn't get much use from the extra core.

If ARM wanted to go after the server market they may be better off designing a core more tailored to server workloads that that has 64-bit support, better scaling for core numbers, and support for large amounts of L3 cache. The ARM cores used in phones are better running at higher clock rates and providing dedicated hardware for video/audio decoding.
 

cbn

Lifer
Mar 27, 2009
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Why would anyone be interested in the Cortex-A5 at this point? The ARM9 it refers to isn't the same as the Cortex-A9. The Cortex-A9 has better performance and is designed to allow up to four cores on one SoC. The ARM9 is an old design that was used in the Nintendo DS. I'm not actually sure if the Cortex-A5 actually shipped in many devices.

I got the idea of an efficient low cost smartphone (not necessarily using Cortex A5) from the "prepaid iPhone"/ "iPhone Nano" rumor. More information here.

I know Cortex A9 is faster, but don't those phones cost a good deal more money to produce while cheaper smartphones phones like the Android LG Optimus V (65nm ARM11) suffer in the battery life department?

P.S. Please take this argument in context of the world mobile market where phones are usually not subsidized. Essentially Apple or MS could use this type of vertically integrated strategy to undercut the Android handset makers (who are forced to rely purely on profits from the devices themselves).
 

cbn

Lifer
Mar 27, 2009
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Here is a video of iphone 3G (using 412 Mhz 90nm ARM11) running iOS 4.2. Despite the older ARMv6 instruction set/slower speed & lower IPC it still looks quite smooth to me.

Cortex A5 would be faster while using less power. Wouldn't this (or the upcoming Kingfisher) make sense to use for a software company with global undercutting plans?

P.S. With regard to the Cortex A5 only one company has openly licensed it at the moment, but I wonder if Apple acquired the CPU and made an agreement that ARM not announce it? (Apparently the company makes prototypes all the time, but sometimes doesn't release the model)
 

Mopetar

Diamond Member
Jan 31, 2011
8,010
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One of those pictures shows the C-A15 having 8 cores per chip, but the other lists 32 cores. Makes sense if it's a 4P system. Does ARM have anything similar to HT or QPI?

The lack of 64-bit cores may also be a barrier to entry. At least the C-A15 has 40-bit addressing.

I got the idea of an efficient low cost smartphone (not necessarily using Cortex A5) from the "prepaid iPhone"/ "iPhone Nano" rumor. More information here.

I know Cortex A9 is faster, but don't those phones cost a good deal more money to produce while cheaper smartphones phones like the Android LG Optimus V (65nm ARM11) suffer in the battery life department?

P.S. Please take this argument in context of the world mobile market where phones are usually not subsidized. Essentially Apple or MS could use this type of vertically integrated strategy to undercut the Android handset makers (who are forced to rely purely on profits from the devices themselves).

Based on iSupply estimates, the A4 that Apple uses in their products costs about $10. If you're targeting the low end of the market you might not even need something as powerful as that. It's also built on a 45 nm process so you could cut costs with a die shrink as well. You can limit the rest of the costs by not including as much RAM or flash memory as well. Using a cheaper display would go a long way as well.

Apple has some chip design teams that it's purchased over the past few years so they do some customization of their chips. I don't think they have sufficiently many engineers to devote to multiple product lines. If they are producing such a phone, it's likely that they'll use an A4 whether at 45 nm or something else. Right now the lowest end iPod sells for $220. Prices will come down, but they would need to add additional phone components which would drive the cost back up.

Apple also likes to maintain a certain amount of margin. They're not going to release a product that's not profitable for them. They may also risk cannibalizing their high-end products as well which is even less desirable for them. Apple may make a play at those markets, but they're purely content to have a small market share as long as it's the most profitable part of the market.

Microsoft on the other hand doesn't make hardware. Their hardware partners are the same people who are currently deploying Android on most of their handsets. Outside of paying for developers to produce customized Android for a manufacturer's device, Android has no cost for the handset manufacturer to use. Microsoft charges a license fee for each copy of Windows Phone 7. Racing towards the bottom is not in their interest as the lower the total price becomes, the larger the license fee for the OS becomes in proportion to the hardware. That makes it even harder for Microsoft to compete against Android. They'd prefer to move devices with a high ASP where the cost of their OS doesn't make as much of an impact.
 

cbn

Lifer
Mar 27, 2009
12,968
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Based on iSupply estimates, the A4 that Apple uses in their products costs about $10. If you're targeting the low end of the market you might not even need something as powerful as that. It's also built on a 45 nm process so you could cut costs with a die shrink as well. You can limit the rest of the costs by not including as much RAM or flash memory as well. Using a cheaper display would go a long way as well.

Yes, I've heard those chips are cheap. But what about the A4's footprint? How does the extra power draw affect how other components need to be spec'd on the little mainboards? Wouldn't fitting an A4 sized chip/mainboard into a phone that is 3/4 the size of iphone 4 be difficult? (yet still provide the battery life required by folks on the world mobile market).

EDIT: Hopefully Anandtech will have some more educational articles on these kind of topics. I have been interested ever since I found out the "Kingfisher" mentioned at 5:40 into Part 2 of Cortex A15 roundtable discussion here was entry level hardware.

Apple also likes to maintain a certain amount of margin. They're not going to release a product that's not profitable for them. They may also risk cannibalizing their high-end products as well which is even less desirable for them. Apple may make a play at those markets, but they're purely content to have a small market share as long as it's the most profitable part of the market.

Yes, but haven't "High profit directive" companies like Intel been known to shift gears and go "low profit" when they are worried about being undercut or missing out on long term market share?

Microsoft on the other hand doesn't make hardware. Their hardware partners are the same people who are currently deploying Android on most of their handsets. Outside of paying for developers to produce customized Android for a manufacturer's device, Android has no cost for the handset manufacturer to use. Microsoft charges a license fee for each copy of Windows Phone 7. Racing towards the bottom is not in their interest as the lower the total price becomes, the larger the license fee for the OS becomes in proportion to the hardware. That makes it even harder for Microsoft to compete against Android. They'd prefer to move devices with a high ASP where the cost of their OS doesn't make as much of an impact.

Yes, that sounds like a tough business model when Android is free and handset manufacturers and/or carriers even have the option with Android to open up their own app store.

Maybe this is more proof?:

Motorola was also worried about using an OS like Windows Phone that is not open source. “We would like an opportunity to create unique value and we don’t feel we could with a closed platform,” she said. Going with Windows Phone would create a scenario where the only value Motorola could offer was commoditized hardware, she said.

It will be interesting to see what doors open and close for MS in the coming months/years (and how this modifies future decisions).

But is vertical integration really against MS best interest? I guess it depends on what MS is willing to spend or lose in order to gain certain areas?
 
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P4man

Senior member
Aug 27, 2010
254
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After seeing results for the new TI OMAP 4430 and Samsung Exynos, Tegra 2 doesn't look particularly amazing.

Of course not. But do keep in mind Tegra 2 is almost a year old now, and tegra 3 devices will be arriving not much later than samsung orion ("exynos" is too hard for me to remember )

Maybe Tegra 3 will put them ahead again, but there's going to be a wave of chips with similar or better performance before the next generation Tegra parts come out as I don't believe the Tegra 2 3D improves the graphics over the Tegra 2.

Dont forget the importance of software, developer tools and mindshare. If you are a handset vendor that needs to implement flash, optimise the gui, include some killer games.. would you rather work with TI or nVidia?

Tegra 2 isnt so special, but it arrived a lot sooner than the competition. It isnt until nVidia produces a moble derivative of their own custom ARM core that they might be able to really pull away from the other ARM vendors from a technical/performance POV, but until then, they still do have a tangible advantage in their vast software experience and resources, and until now at least, also a tangible time to market advantage.
 

Idontcare

Elite Member
Oct 10, 1999
21,118
59
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Yes, but haven't "High profit directive" companies like Intel been known to shift gears and go "low profit" when they are worried about being undercut or missing out on long term market share?

Not really, they will spin-off the lackluster business group and its product lineup instead. Divestiture.

Once your stockprice is built around the expectation of high-end gross-margins (Intel, MS, Google, Apple) they can't really shift their business strategy to go back to the run-of-the-mill margins. The transition is mostly permanent, what comes of it is you have a management that is on the perpetual divestment treadmill as they run around seeking high gross-margin opportunities. Think IBM, HP, etc.

Any decision they might make that would result in lowering the gross-margin story is going to be poorly received by the investment community. And I'm not talking about the day traders, I mean the institutional holders that are curried favor of with all the investment/analyst meetings.

This is why Larrabee was dropped, and HDTV, and mobile phone plans back in 2005. Sure they can build it and sell it, but if they gain actual traction in the marketspace and get into volume shipments then they will incur a reduction in gross-margins and that is not acceptable.

They must have both a growth story AND a gross-margin story to speak to in any product lineup. If one or both are missing then they will divest or close-shop on that product group and business unit.
 

Mopetar

Diamond Member
Jan 31, 2011
8,010
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Yes, I've heard those chips are cheap. But what about the A4's footprint? How does the extra power draw affect how other components need to be spec'd on the little mainboards? Wouldn't fitting an A4 sized chip/mainboard into a phone that is 3/4 the size of iphone 4 be difficult? (yet still provide the battery life required by folks on the world mobile market).

My understanding is that most of the power draw comes from the screen. After that it's the wi-fi and cell radios. The ARM SoC itself doesn't draw a lot of power is is physically small so it doesn't take up a lot of space.
 

Mopetar

Diamond Member
Jan 31, 2011
8,010
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It's probably going to be the Tegra 3, which was know about over a month ago. Here's Engadget's article covering it. I'm more curious about how they're going to get their order of magnitude performance improvement every two years. We're going to end up with an ARM SoC the size of a GTX 280 before too long.
 

Idontcare

Elite Member
Oct 10, 1999
21,118
59
91
It's probably going to be the Tegra 3, which was know about over a month ago. Here's Engadget's article covering it. I'm more curious about how they're going to get their order of magnitude performance improvement every two years. We're going to end up with an ARM SoC the size of a GTX 280 before too long.

I'd laugh except that you are probably correct. I don't want thermi 2.0 in my cellphone, sorry. Nvidia does NOT have a history of making IC's that are sensitive to the needs of the low power-consumption market. They are kinda Intel'ish in this sense.

Still though I expect great things from JHH, he didn't build his company out of hopes and dreams, it was hopes and dreams plus a shiteload of effort. If they fail at ARM stuff it won't be for lack of effort, or unicorn dust, what have you.
 

cbn

Lifer
Mar 27, 2009
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In the last several posts we have had some interesting charts/discussions/comments of low power in the consumer segment.

How do people here view the development of low power screens (Qualcomm Mirasol, Colored e-ink, Pixel Qi, and other techs) as the next major test for IC designers and manufacturers?

The way I see things these type of screens will really put the spotlight on the mainboard and Software integration (helping to separate what designs are truly power efficient and what designs are not).

P.S. Someone please correct me if I am wrong about this assumption I am making.
 
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Mopetar

Diamond Member
Jan 31, 2011
8,010
6,454
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I'd laugh except that you are probably correct. I don't want thermi 2.0 in my cellphone, sorry. Nvidia does NOT have a history of making IC's that are sensitive to the needs of the low power-consumption market. They are kinda Intel'ish in this sense.

I don't know who'd use it, but I'd like to see them build an ARM SoC with as much die area as the 280 if for no other reason than to claim that they have the fastest chip. As an added non-eco-friendly bonus the thing can run on crude oil and the souls of the damned.

If nothing else it might make a fun hobbyist chip to mess around with. Getting a 16-32 core chip is out of the price range for most people, but if it used ARM cores it might not be impossibly expensive.
 

P4man

Senior member
Aug 27, 2010
254
0
0
It's probably going to be the Tegra 3, which was know about over a month ago. Here's Engadget's article covering it. I'm more curious about how they're going to get their order of magnitude performance improvement every two years. We're going to end up with an ARM SoC the size of a GTX 280 before too long.

I definitely expect that. Around 2013-2014 or so, or whenever project Denver arrives and integrates Tesla with their custom ARM core. Of course it wont be aimed at handheld or mobile, but HPC, servers and perhaps workstations/desktops.

When it comes to mobile, I wouldnt worry too much. If anything, nVidia seems to be fairly conservative in this regard, seeing for instance how they opted not to implement neon for Tegra 2 because of die size and heat concerns, while almost every other cortex A9 did include it. Regardless, you can build 1000W PCs if you want to, but for a phone there are pretty hard limits to how hot it can be and how much power it can consume. Exceed those thresholds and nv wouldnt sell a chip. No one would produce a phone with a fan.
 

Mopetar

Diamond Member
Jan 31, 2011
8,010
6,454
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I definitely expect that. Around 2013-2014 or so, or whenever project Denver arrives and integrates Tesla with their custom ARM core.

Color me skeptical of project Denver. When a company starts working outside of their area of core expertise the results usually aren't good. Look no further than Intel's Larrabee for a perfect example. It's not impossible for Nvidia to succeed, but I probably wouldn't bet money on it.
 
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