US consumes ~14 quadrillion BTU of electricity currently, (generated from total of ~39 quadrillion BTU of primary energy before losses)
US Transportation, in all forms, consumes ~28 quadrillion BTU of energy. With only about 0.2% of this currently from electricity ~ basically none.
So to replace all US forms of transportation (28 quadrillion BTU worth) with electric vehicles would require tripling the amount of power generation in the US - and also tripling transmission capabilities unless the new power was generated locally. Note this is far more than just electric cars, but assuming electrifying the entire US transportation sector.
Back of the envelope, about a $9 trillion investment (which obviously would have to be phased in over many years), note this is in addition to the normal business-as-usual investments to meet power demand growth and replacement of retiring assets - of about $130+ billion/year or so. So would need to increase investment in the power sector by a factor of 5x, over period of 15 years, to reach this target as a simplified example estimate.
Basis: current US investor-owned electric utilities hold more than $1.6 trillion in depreciated assets on their books, which makes up about 70% of US generation, so call it $2.3 trillion total current assets for the power market as a whole. With quick assumption that on average these are about half depreciated = $4.6 trillion of assets at replacement cost, or to triple the market, need to add $9.2 trillion of new investment as a very simple rough approximation.
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