Nagin also received strong criticism for his performance during the hurricane crisis. The mayor’s critics pointed out that evacuation before a storm is a local and state responsibility. They said Nagin should have worked harder to move poorer residents out of the city. To make the point, television footage showed dozens of school buses, left idle during the evacuation, stuck underwater after the storm. Nagin should have stored more supplies at the Superdome and convention center, critics said. Some questioned why Nagin stayed at the hotel, where communication with officials elsewhere was more difficult, rather than joining other city officials at an evacuation command center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Some accused him of exaggerating the crisis: at one point, he estimated that 10,000 people might have died due to the storm, an inflated number. He, like his top police official and many news reporters, also declared that female refugees at the Superdome had been raped, which was later debunked as a false rumor. Even his decision to focus the police on rescue efforts rather than preventing looting was questioned. As the crisis gave way to cleanup, more of Nagin’s actions became controversial. He announced that people could return to some parts of the city in mid-September, then reversed himself when federal officials warned a second hurricane, Rita, might threaten New Orleans. When many workers of Mexican descent came to New Orleans to help with the recovery, Nagin, who wanted city residents to get clean-up jobs, told a meeting of local businessmen he would help “make sure that New Orleans is not overrun by Mexican workers,” according to the BBC. Tim Padgett of Time summarized the conflicting opinions of Nagin by describing him as “up-right but erratic.”
That was before the mayor made his most infamous comments of all, in January of 2006, at a Martin Luther King, Jr. holiday event. He declared, according to Martel of the Washington Post , that Hurricane Katrina was a sign that “God is mad at America” over the war in Iraq and over African Americans committing violence against each other. Addressing the fears that the city might not rebuild its black neighborhoods, he declared, “It’s time for us to rebuild New Orleans—the one that should be a chocolate New Orleans. This city will be a majority-African-American city. It’s the way God wants it to be.” The “chocolate New Orleans” comment appeared to be a reference to a 1975 song by the funk band Parliament, “Chocolate City,” which celebrated how many American cities had black majorities. Rather than reassure black residents, the speech angered whites, especially his comment about the white Uptown neighborhood: “I don’t care what people are saying Uptown or wherever they are. This city will be chocolate at the end of the day,” he said, according to CNN.com. People in New Orleans and across the country condemned the speech. Nagin apologized for his comments about a vengeful God, saying they were inappropriate. He said he had meant to let black residents know they were still welcome, and had not meant to imply that Uptown residents were racist.