Why are we polarized?
First let’s agree about where we are at right now. Right now we have essentially two types of Americans, one that believes in reality and one that believes in an alternative reality.
So how did we get here? That’s a complicated question and I think there can be debate on when it started and what caused it. In order to have different realities though you have to have a society that no longer shares common experiences and I think it could be argued that our shared experiences had been happening less and less with the advent of network news. I think if we look back to other times in our country’s history when we were most divided we might see a similar lack in commonality as well but I’m not a historian so that’s just a guess on my part.
As we started getting news from different sources and those sources either spun the story differently or eventually even the stories/issues covered by the networks were no longer similar, we started getting a taste of multiple realities. I think with the advent of social media and their algorithms that focused on reactions/interactions, it got even worse as it had the effect of bubbletizing us and separating us even further and lessening our common experiences. Of course it’s not just the news or social media that separated us, we also share fewer and fewer life experiences as well, for example it’s pretty common that people haven’t seen the same movies or tv shows any more and with access to every sport and sports team on the planet, even liking the same teams, despite sharing a locality, is becoming less common.
All that said, simply having different experiences doesn’t get us to where we are now and I think there might be a major difference between where we are now and similar times in our history. The difference being that in addition to the lack of common experiences, we also have a serious distrust in our institutions, whether they be government institutions (like the Supreme Court for example), educational institutions, news/journalism, and even in things such as the free market/capitalism, and democracy itself. Sure, during our history one could point to many times where there was a growing distrust in our institutions. I’d even argue that the experiences of the boomer generation, specifically their experience with civil rights and various wars but especially the Vietnam war, seeded that distrust that would later be added upon with multiple crises that seemingly came rapidly one after another (2000 dotcom bust, 9/11, 2008 housing bubble, Covid). The examples also seeded distrust in our institutions to the younger generations as well along with many others such as the overturning of roe v wade, the housing shortage, etc.
So a growing distrust in our institutions exists, coupled with a lack of common experiences has created the perfect storm where multiple realities exists.
To illustrate the points above, I can point to a relatively recent time where our trust in our institutions was high and our shared experiences were also very high. That particular time was 2001-2003 when 9/11 happened. The country was the most united then and I believe it’s because we all shared that experience and it was essentially from the same perspective (meaning we watched the same videos and we learned the same info around the same time). Of course that didn’t last and our shared experiences and trust in our institutions drastically changed after that.
Societies only work so long as there is trust in their institutions and people believe in a common good.
I’d love to know what the fix is but without drastic measures, I don’t see things getting better but actually getting worse.