Bull Shit!!!
Race and sex play no part in rankings. I have NEVER told a manager/selecting official they have to choose Blind Sally as she...
I send a set of applicants ranked based on SELF assessment and Vets preference (VP can add 5 or 10 points and 10 point Vets rise to the top). You cannot skip a Vet to select a non-vet. And just because you THINK you are the best does not mean you are.
The official hiring steps will not acknowledge race or sex as a ranking component, but they do factor in, and depending on which sector of the gov't you are applying for, they can weigh in very heavy. Each division will have their own tweaks on the ranking process; they can select from a "panel of qualified" individuals and at that point they can take anyone from the panel, whether they are best qualified or not. Or they can select the best qualified; depending on the person they want to select. Or they can deem that the entire selection pool does not meet their guidelines and they can repost the position with a different position description. If they go too far outside their own guidelines, a candidate can file a grievance, but then that person is black listed (unofficially of course).
but getting back to the OP, as someone already said, tailor your resume to each position. concentrate on "punch words" that identify you are responsible, self motivated, a team player that can lead or follow, you can assess a situation and develope a consensus that includes alternatives to remedy the issue and can impliment the chosen solution. Unless you know someone very high up the food chain, you won't get help from friends already in the system. Work experience is critical and some of it can cross over and be accepted as "time-in-grade". As someone said earlier, the initial people reviewing the apps rarely have a clue as to what the job is really about; they look through the apps and see which ones qualify. So you have a small window of opportunity to catch their attention. If you make the selection pool you have done well, and will start getting some "name" recognition for future pools (in that same area). Good luck.
and yes i'm gov't.......25 years