Hyperthreading pretends it has double the cores, without actually doubling the cores. Windows will report your Core i3 as having 4 cores and you will (usually) get more performance than without it, but it isn't as good as having 4 real cores.
Turbo Boost bumps the MHz a bit more under ideal conditions.
Will you be overclocking? If so, your choice would be the Core i5-2500k. Do you live near a Micro Center? If so, same choice (plus $50 off combo with motherboard).
For gaming both are great, though some (but not all) games may already be taking advantage of quad cores.