Nunu works wonders against Jax for the most part, he can jump to you but once you destroy his move and attack speed then he's rather stuck. Malphite is certainly one decent counter too however if Jax gets a decent lead Malphite can't actually do anything to Jax except not die. Nasus also works vs Jax relatively well however it's not an easy lane, same for Fiora.
Jax has a ton of counters up top, like all the mages can easily harass him into submission early game, or anyone with a decent attack speed slow can also effectively take him on.