The hard part I had in the beginning was the naming convention differences between windows and linux.
Windows designates a abratrary name to the partition/drive. Like C:, D: etc etc. It's not based on anything other then the order the OS sees the drive stuff.
Linux has a directory tree system. It's logical system based on conceptial ideas about directory systems. It's "directory tree" all based on a "root" directory. The root is "/". Then branches all go from that. Like your home directory would be /home/username, config files are found in /etc/ directory etc etc. All filing systems are "mounted" to it. Like I could have the whole thing on one drive, or you could have your /home directory on a entirely different drive, or even a network share from a entirely different computer. It's completely flexible on how you want to set it up. Generally you "mount" you cdrom to /cdrom or /mnt/cdrom. But that doesn't mean that you can't mount it to /home/username/cdrom if you feel like it.
The drives are represented by files in the /dev/ directory. The /dev directory is full of special files that represent hardware and software/kernel resources. Like /dev/dsp is generally for audio, you can "cat" a wav file into it and your speakers can play the sound. /dev/zero is infinate zeros, /dev/urandom is infinate random junk, /dev/null is a black hole were you can copy files to it and they will be gone for ever etc. etc.
You IDE harddrives would be represented by /dev/hd* files.
/dev/hda =primary master device,
/dev/hdb =primary slave device
/dev/hdc =secondary master
/dev/hdd =secondary slave.
Then if you have a promise IDE to PCI drive card you can have more then that...
then each partition is just the partition number + the drive letter. Like the 2nd partition on the first harddrive would be:
/dev/hda2
Also a cdrom drive may be /dev/hdc for isntance if it's the secondary master ide device. In *nix everything is a file, text files/directories/harddrives/ everything are just files. It's a bit weird at first, but it makes it easy once you get used to it.