The reason I asked about surge supressors is, typically, all outlets on a UPS are already surge protected (even the separate ones from the battery protected outlets). It is a really bad idea in general to run surge protectors in series as they aren't designed to do that. Always use non-surge protected power strips off a UPS outlet.
That being said, I suspect this problem is likely with the affected system itself. If you want to be sure, temporarily separate the affected system to a different electrical outlet on a different electrical circuit (you can get long USB cables fairly cheap at places like Monoprice, though if they are over 15 feet you might need an active USB cable rather than a passive one).
It wouldn't hurt to reinstall the UPS monitoring software. If the affected system is set up to save Windows kernel dumps at the time it crashes, install software like Nirsoft's
BlueScreen View or Resplendence Software's
Whocrashed to see what actually caused the crash - Whocrashed will tell you if it thinks the crash is hardware related or driver related. Also, check the Windows Reliability History over the last 6-12 months to see if there is any particular application or driver logged with a history of repeatedly crashing. Depending upon how old this Windows installation is, a refresh or new install (or a rescue install, where you launch the installer within Windows to retain and repair your current setup) might be appropriate.
If none of the above steps help, I'd move on to hardware. Your 5 year old Thermaltake PSU immediately jumps right to the top of the list of suspects, especially since the system failed while playing a game. Historically, Thermaltake isn't the best PSU brand - they generally market a few decent ones and a lot of mediocre ones. In the past, their lineup was more mediocre than good.
Just my 2 cents.