Jesus F'ing Christ - are we back to 'why is the Artic sea ice increasing?' again as some proof that this stuff isn't happening?
READ YOU MORON!
With the longer time series, a statistically significant trend now emerges. Not only is Antarctica losing land ice, the ice loss is accelerating at a rate of 26 Gigatonnes/yr2 (in other words, every year, the rate of ice loss is increasing by 26 Gigatonnes per year) It turns out that since 2006, East Antarctica has no longer been in mass balance but is in fact, losing ice mass (Chen 2009). This is a surprising result as East Antarctica has been considered stable because the region is so cold. This indicates the East Antarctic ice sheet is more dynamic than previously thought.
This is significant because East Antarctica contains much more ice than West Antarctica. East Antarctica contains enough ice to raise global sea levels by 50 to 60 metres while West Antarctica would contribute around 6 to 7 metres. The Antarctic ice sheet plays an important role in the total contribution to sea level. That contribution is continuously and rapidly growing.
Antarctic Sea Ice is increasing
Antarctic sea ice has shown long term growth since satellites began measurements in 1979. This is an observation that has been often cited as proof against global warming. However, rarely is the question raised: why is Antarctic sea ice increasing? The implicit assumption is it must be cooling around Antarctica. This is decidedly not the case. In fact, the Southern Ocean has been warming faster than the rest of the world's oceans. Globally from 1955 to 1995, oceans have been warming at 0.1°C per decade. In contrast, the Southern Ocean has been warming at 0.17°C per decade. Not only is the Southern Ocean warming, it is warming faster than the global trend.
If the Southern Ocean is warming, why is Antarctic sea ice increasing? There are several contributing factors. One is the drop in ozone levels over Antarctica. The hole in the ozone layer above the South Pole has caused cooling in the stratosphere (Gillet 2003). This strengthens the cyclonic winds that circle the Antarctic continent (Thompson 2002). The wind pushes sea ice around, creating areas of open water known as polynyas. More polynyas lead to increased sea ice production (Turner 2009).
Another contributor is changes in ocean circulation. The Southern Ocean consists of a layer of cold water near the surface and a layer of warmer water below. Water from the warmer layer rises up to the surface, melting sea ice. However, as air temperatures warm, the amount of rain and snowfall also increases. This freshens the surface waters, leading to a surface layer less dense than the saltier, warmer water below. The layers become more stratified and mix less. Less heat is transported upwards from the deeper, warmer layer. Hence less sea ice is melted (Zhang 2007).
In summary, Antarctic sea ice is a complex and unique phenomenon. The simplistic interpretation that it must be cooling around Antarctica is decidedly not the case. Warming is happening - how it affects specific regions is complicated.
How about other large sheets of ice on the planet? Greenland anyone?
What's new about this study is that the ice loss, which has been well-documented over southern Greenland, is now spreading up along the northwest coast, with this acceleration likely starting in late 2005.
"The changes on the Greenland ice sheet are happening fast, and we are definitely losing more ice mass than we had anticipated," says study co-author Isabella Velicogna of the University of California-Irvine. "We also are seeing this trend in Antarctica, a sign that warming temperatures really are having an effect on ice in Earth's cold regions."
Air temperatures over the Greenland ice sheet have increased by about 4 degrees since 1991, which most scientists attribute to a buildup of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere.
"This is a phenomenon that was undocumented before this study," study co-author John Wahr of the University of Colorado says. "Our speculation is that some of the big glaciers in this region are sliding downhill faster and dumping more ice in the ocean."
Scientists used a combination of satellite and GPS measurements to document the ice loss.
The mass loss is equivalent to about 0.02 inch of global sea-level rise per year. If the entire Greenland ice sheet melted, which is not predicted, scientists estimate that global sea levels would rise about 20 feet, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center.
The Greenland ice sheet covers most of the island, and is about 656,000 square miles in size, roughly three times the size of Texas.
The paper was published this month in Geophysical Research Letters, a publication of the American Geophysical Union.
At this point it's beyond hopeless to try and educate the likes of Jaskalas - if Al Gore said the sky is blue, we'd have to listen to his drivel about 'I'm telling you, these colors are not accurate, you'll see over the next period of time as the true color emerges' - or something idiotic along those lines.
It's getting hotter - period. This really isn't open for debate. The debate should be what can or should we do about it.