If you simply Share the folder and do not apply any File Level/NTFS Permissions, then the least restrictive apply, which in this case would be the share level permissions. If that's all you need, then simply avoid assigning any NTFS permissions. ie: Manage this from the "Sharing" option on the right-click menu, not the "Properties|Security" tab. Keep in mind that the default permission on a shared folder is Everyone/Full Control, so anyone on your network, regardless of how they got there, will be able to read, change, and delete the contents of this shared folder.
Reinforcing the comment from Saltin... For Share Level permissions, the least restrictive apply. When combining Share Level and NTFS permissions, the most restrictive apply. When no NTFS permissions are specified, then the least restrictive (Share Level) win the day.