WASHINGTON - Using a government filing cabinet as a prop, President Bush on Tuesday played to fears that the Social Security Trust Fund is little more than a stack of worthless IOUs.
But if the IOUs are worthless, so is the "full faith and credit" of the federal government, independent financial analysts said. The reality is a little more complicated than Bush acknowledged, and it goes to the heart of the debate over Social Security's future.
Experts say both sides in the debate over Social Security mischaracterize the trust fund's worth to make the case that the retirement system is essentially sound, as many Democrats contend, or that it's on the verge of crisis, which is Bush's message.
"I don't like the Democrats saying everything is fine any more than I like the Republicans saying, `House on fire! House on fire!' The truth is somewhere in the middle," said Timothy Smeeding, a professor at Syracuse University's Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs.
Bush visited the Bureau of Public Debt in Parkersburg, W.Va., on Tuesday to highlight the fact that there's no actual cash in the trust fund, even though Social Security has piled up a $1.7 trillion surplus since it was created in the late 1930s. Payroll taxes collected from workers have exceeded benefits paid to retirees every year since 1984.
Instead of socking the surplus away, the government spent it on other programs and promised to repay it later, with interest. The IOUs are in the form of special-issue Treasury bonds that are stored in an off-white, four-drawer filing cabinet in West Virginia.
"There is no trust fund, just IOUs that I saw firsthand, that future generations will pay," Bush said after inspecting the storage site. "Imagine - the retirement security for future generations is sitting in a filing cabinet."