I have a goatee which I trim probably once every 7-10 days. I shave the rest of my face every day before work (but strictly on work days; on the weekend, I don't bother). I use an electric razor and I've never had a problem with it, although I have very little facial hair outside of the general goatee area.
I think that facial hair is acceptable in an office environment, but it needs to look neat. If your stubble grows out in a very uniform pattern, you can pull it off, but most people just look like dirty hoboes if they just leave it for a few days. At least trim it and make it a uniform length...