It will depend on several factors. First of all, each chip is unique. Second, your ambient temperatures will affect overclocking. Third, how you have the fan profile setup within MSI afterburner will affect overclocking. Fourth, how well your case ventilates will affect overclocking.
First of all, you need to figure out what your baseline temperatures are for the card is when it's under load. Download 3dmark 2011 or run a demanding gaem benchmark like Crysis or Far Cry 2, while having afterburner run in the background. After 15-20 minutes, quit and check afterburner to see what the max temperatures reached got to. Check and make sure this is in line with how the card should perform. Next, pick a maximum fan speed you can tolerate when you are playing a game (setup a fan profile under the advanced options) to activate at around the max temperature your card reached BEFORE you started overclocking. You have some wiggle room here. If your ambient temps and case keep your card nice and cool, you can set the fan to kick up at a higher temp than what you observed. Just be smart about it.
Then do your overclocking. I have no experience with the gtx570 reference cooling cards so I can't tell you how well yours might overclock.