Regarding this evolving process of technology,
Christensen said:
"The technological changes that damage established companies are usually not radically new or difficult from a technological point of view. They do, however, have two important characteristics: First, they typically present a different package of performance attributesones that, at least at the outset, are not valued by existing customers. Second, the performance attributes that existing customers do value improve at such a rapid rate that the new technology can later invade those established markets."
[15]
Joseph Bower[16] explained the process of how disruptive technology, through its requisite support net, dramatically transforms a certain industry.
"When the technology that has the potential for revolutionizing an industry emerges, established companies typically see it as unattractive: its not something their mainstream customers want, and its projected profit margins arent sufficient to cover big-company cost structure. As a result, the new technology tends to get ignored in favor of whats currently popular with the best customers. But then another company steps in to bring the innovation to a new market. Once the disruptive technology becomes established there, smaller-scale innovation rapidly raise the technologys performance on attributes that mainstream customers value."
[17]
The automobile was high technology with respect to the horse carriage; however, it evolved into technology and finally into appropriate technology with a stable, unchanging TSN. Main high-technology advance in the offing is some form of
electric car whether the energy source is the sun, hydrogen, water, air pressure or traditional charging outlet. Electric cars preceded the gasoline automobile by many decades and now it returns to people's life to replace the traditional gasoline automobile.
Milan Zeleny described the above phenomenon.
[18] He also wrote that:
"Implementing high technology is often resisted. This resistance is well understood on the part of active participants in the requisite TSN. The electric car will be resisted by gas-station operators in the same way automated teller machines (ATMs) were resisted by bank tellers and automobiles by horsewhip makers. Technology does not qualitatively restructure the TSN and therefore will not be resisted and never has been resisted. Middle management resists business process reengineering because BPR represents a direct assault on the support net (coordinative hierarchy) they thrive on. Teamwork and multi-functionality is resisted by those whose TSN provides the comfort of narrow specialization and command-driven work."
[19]