This is a very complex problem, which all too often people try to solve through simple solutions.
Compare a broken civilization to an engine. Poor societies are not broken engines which just need one part fixed they are engines which do not yet exist, or are very very poor engines which require an almost complete rebuild. Even worse, unlike engines, societies are all different, it would be like building an engine in which chemistry does not work like it does in other engines. What works for us, probably will not work for them. Even worse still, when we do try to fix/build their engine, we very often end up making it worse.
Also, one very important thing for the OP to consider: I know he has referred to the book "Shock Doctrine," and has made several references to economists from the Milton Friedman school who attempted to build free market utopias. Those economists thought they had a plan, they thought they would make the lives of those people better with their system.
Normally I am conservative, but when it comes to developing nations, I am even more conservative. There is a good reason for this, what I see as liberal or progressive in this area usually comes in the form of "We are smart, we can fix this for them." Almost always, the system that these "poor" "stupid" "backwards" use in their daily lives are there for a reason. When we transplant our own solutions and take out their solutions we often learn that we were the ones with the wrong answer, and they suffer. What makes it worse is that due to their lack of resources their suffering often means death.
For example, when we were trying to help the "poor" "savages" of (I think new guinea we sent our best farming experts to show them the "proper" irrigation techniques because their methods were inefficient and "stupid." It turns out their "stupid" techniques were very important, because they protected the land, our techniques caused entire fields to wash away. (I am still trying to find my source on this, but I have several books, and only a small time before I need to return to work)
Instructive reading for those who care:
Guns Germs and Steel, Jared Diamond (how societies got where they are today)
The End of Poverty, Jeffrey D. Sachs (what the problem is, how big it is, and what the world bank/IMF thinks we need to do)
The White Man's Burden, William Easterly (what we have been doing, and how we have been screwing it up, and how some of it is our fault.)
I will post more tonight when I have time, but I must re-iterate too many people think about this like it we just need to fix one thing and everything will be better. It is not like that, we don't have to repair an engine, a whole new one needs to be built, and when we build it, a lot of things will not work there that work here.