I don't think we can accurately make a statement right now as to whether AMD will ever have the fastest CPU on the market - there are too many variables involved, and too much that we don't know/can't accurately predict. For one we don't know anything about what AMD is doing on the desktop after the Deneb refresh and the release of tri/dual-core 45nm CPUs; Bulldozer is nowhere to be found in the roadmap and it is highly unlikely that we will see a 12-core desktop CPU, although a 6-core Istanbul for the desktop seems possible.
With Intel's lineup, we know a lot about what they are planning, but the question is execution - so far they have done well, but IMO at least there are some signs that Intel is slowing down. The time period between the release of enthusiast Nehalem/ 2P server parts and the release of mainstream parts is going to be huge - around a year at the least. I have even heard rumors that mainstream Nehalem parts could be pushed back to 2010.
Given that, it also seems to me at least that Intel is going to be slow with the 32nm transition. If Intel is not releasing mainstream 45nm Nehalems until late 2009 or even early 2010 it seems unlikely that they will be bringing out 32nm parts in 2H 2009. Also Larrabee is coming out in the late '09 - 2010 timeframe, and it is based on 45nm technology. Same thing with the initial Atom SoC CPUs, which will be released in the 2009-2010 timeframe.... and Atom is something that demands the newest process possible because of its low power / small size focus.
So Intel isn't infallible, we don't know for sure yet but it sure seems to me like Intel is slowing down, at least for the mainstream market. Even now with quad-core CPUs, I don't find Intel's current offerings to be that impressive TBH. If the Q6600 didn't exist (and eventually it is going to reach EOL) I'd probably be recommending AMD Phenoms right now, because the Q8200 is absolutely pathetic. Same thing with the Q8300 when it comes out later this year/ early next year at the same price point as the Q6600.
AMD has a chance with Deneb to provide superior performance/$, they will not get anywhere near the performance of a Core i7 965, but if the Q8xxx series is the best Intel can come up with for the low end, then they have a serious chance to provide the better choice in the <$250 quad-core market. If Bulldozer ever comes out.... then who knows, it may be fast enough to provide Intel with real competition.
So my answer would be a cautious yes, I do think that AMD will eventually beat Intel in performance sometime down the road. Eventually Intel will make a mistake and with a completely new architecture in Bulldozer, AMD has the chance to really turn things around.