But there is something that the constitution can not account for: A changing environment.
It can, and does, account for changing environment in two ways:
A. It provides the general rule, without getting bogged down in specifics. For instance, it provides the right of 'arms' rather than saying a musket or anything else that would have to be changed every couple decades.
B. It provides a method to amend the document, allowing change when even the general rule no longer applies adequately.
The clause of the importance of the militia is - in my opionon - no longer true. It was true in a much more direct sense, at the time the colony liberated itself from the former British proprietors. Then, there was no army, there was threat of invasion by foreign powers, and the defense consisted in that militia, which faced the conservative powers of the world.
I would largely agree with this, and would have no problem with amending it to reflect the changes.
Today, no external danger to the freedom of the people exists, that is not dealt with by either the army,
Ahhh, but what about INTERNAL dangers, as well as the other general protections offered by the amendment (those of practice, hunting, and self-defense)? While none were primary in the foundation of the amendment, all were assumed, and are therefore protected.
or the well-regulated militia, that is the national guard.
No, it isn't, which has been dealt with at least 10 times in this very thread alone. 'Well-regulated militia' means ONLY every person learning how to shoot. The national guard is essentially the standing army, not a militia, and was not prepared for at our founding. It has been folded in as a kind of official militia, but it operates and is used EXACTLY as a standing army. It bears no resemblance to a militia.
While in 1776 a scenario where the public was to defend was something that was imaginable, today this is simply no longer the case. Therefore, the second amendment covers an antiquated use case and is obsolete.
And don't get out the "but if the government suddenly goes rogue" argument, which is a tea-partier's wet dream - in the real world it doesn't happen. If a government turns on its people it does so through the people. If a turned government is wiped out, it's rarely because the people have a soldier's weapon, but either because of outside interference (Afghanistan?) or through more peaceful measures (South Africa).
Just because it isn't common doesn't mean it doesn't, or could not, occur. Further you must look beyond the current incarnation. What if the nation fractures or collapses, what if just one tiny municipality 'goes rogue' (like say something in Montana, Arizona, Colorado, Texas, etc)? You can talk all day about which branch handles what at what level, but meanwhile people are dying unless they have protection.
In the real world, the second amendment holds no relevance.
I, and hundreds of millions of others (many of whom make it a profession to deal with these very issues), disagree. You are welcome to feel that way...to hold the belief/opinion...but you haven't made a convincing argument, nor built an objective case.
This doesn't mean, that guns shouldn't be legal to own, BUT it means that the base of discussion should NOT be the constitution in its current form.
The constitution is NOT a holy book, that needs to be handed down over the ages. It is a text of law, which should be written in such a way, that ANYONE can understand it, as otherwise it becomes useless in its key function of empowering the people. If the word militia does not mean militia in the sense that is commonly used, this wording should be corrected. If something that was pertinent in '76 but isn't anymore today is used as the basis of a constitutional right, this basis should be re-evaluated.
Now on this we fully agree. The base of discussion should be the absolute life right of defense...of exertion of agency in protection of that which has value to the individual. The Constitution merely codifies these things and offers individual protection against government infringement at the national level (or state level if talking about state Constitutions).
If the second amendment read: "The self integrity of man is a key aspect of personal freedom and dependant upon the ability to defend one self against any threat, therefore the right to bear arms shall not be infringed", this discussion might still happen, but it would at least be grounded upon a reality.
I have no issue, with the "an armed society is a polite society" approach to things, even if the premise might be wrong - but at least its a better excuse than "omg, the poms (i.e. the gubernment) are out to get us!".
And declining the right to bare arms from a personal integrity standpoint is a much more modern, thing to do. Even the German Grundgesetz, one of the more recent constitution-like documents puts personal dignity as article number one, right up front. It wouldn't feel out of place to give the individual the ultimate means of assuring that this dignity is indeed untouchable.
Sorry for the wall of text, but I hope that this exposes, that I'm neither anti-gun nor pro-gun, I don't really care either way as long as I don't get shot, and that even a constitution can decay over time, and truths that are self-evident at one point in time, for one people, are no longer relevant a few centuries on. And despite the fear mongering, the protection of American freedom by individual fire power is just such a thing.
We pretty much agree on most of this, though not all. The difference is that I've made study of these things a fairly substantial part of my life, so it's all 'old hat' to me, and easily understood. That the Kardashian watching masses 'don't get it' ceased to be of surprise or interest to me long ago. I hold with The American President view:
"America is advanced citizenship. You gotta want it bad, 'cause it's gonna put up a fight. It's gonna say 'You want free speech? Let's see you acknowledge a man whose words make your blood boil, who's standing center stage and advocating at the top of his lungs that which you would spend a lifetime opposing at the top of yours. You want to claim this land as the land of the free? Then the symbol of your country can't just be a flag; the symbol also has to be one of its citizens exercising his right to burn that flag in protest. Show me that, defend that, celebrate that in your classrooms. Then, you can stand up and sing about the "land of the free'."
In other words, if you aren't competent to understand your governance either improve yourself, go somewhere else, or just mind your own business while the rest of us take care of things for you. *mind you, I don't mean YOU personally, I'm using it in the general sense*