Yea, you have to have a permit to buy a handgun. You don't have to have the LTC to buy rifles / shotguns, but those need FID to buy.
LTC has two versions:
Restricted - cannot conceal carry. Can have handgun at home, in vehicle to transport to gun range, and at the range
Unrestricted - can conceal carry in allowed areas. Off the top of my head, it's like schools, government buildings, that aren't allowed.
What are the NC levels?
Anyone that can own a gun, (not a felon, no restraining orders, etc) can open carry starting at age 18. There is no permit required to own a gun. There is no gun registration either.
A CHP if for concealed carry, with the exception of places where laws don't permit, and of course federal property like the post office. Can't carry into schools, but can have in vehicle, or on my person if I remain in the vehicle, on school property, which was nice when I was picking up grandsons before they started driving.
To purchase a handgun you either need a PPP (pistol purchase permit) or CHP both of which are obtained from the sheriff. Long guns are done through the NICS database check at time of purchase, or if you have a PPP or CHP.
CHP can be used to purchase handgun or long gun.